Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin indicated that it is important for Russia to ensure independence from the use of foreign software and stimulate demand for domestic products, which is why Russia is creating an architecture that excludes the influence of third countries. The editorial board of "Made in Russia" asked a member of the Council of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Russia for Industrial Development and Competitiveness of the Russian Economy, laureate of the prize of the President of the Russian Federation Yuri Krupnov his opinion on what Russia needs to possess technological sovereignty.

We have to produce the basic products ourselves- Yuri Vasilyevich, was there technological sovereignty in Russia in the past?

- Absolutely.

The Soviet Union, as an absolutely sovereign state, had full technological sovereignty. This was provided primarily by the highly developed machine tool industry, where, in addition to solving their own tasks, machines were supplied to at least 30 developed countries of the world, including Germany, the USA, and Japan.

- Are technological sovereignty and import independence identical concepts?- No, when we talk about technological sovereignty, we must distinguish between technological sovereignty and import independence.

Technological sovereignty is primarily our own technological equipment and machine tool industry. We must have our own machines, our own lines, and then we can produce whatever we want. This is the essence of technological sovereignty.

And import-independence means that we can produce the same components, parts, spare parts ourselves if necessary. It's a little different. No country in the world produces everything by itself, a lot of what is imported to Russia. But basically what we want, we have to produce ourselves. Based on this, technological sovereignty and import independence mean the ability of the state to produce all the main products if necessary.

If something is blocked to us today, then we can quickly start producing it. We have a machine-tool, technological base, so that in a year we can learn how to produce what they stopped supplying us. The main task of the machine tool industry is to ensure its own technological sovereignty. Its own technological base. These tasks should be prescribed in legislative documents.

"We need to roll up our sleeves"- During what period can Russia achieve technological sovereignty?

- In three years, the domestic industry can ensure basic import independence and technological sovereignty.

But to do this, we need to roll up our sleeves and carry out forced industrialization of the country.

- What should it look like?- We must produce such technological equipment, including machine tools, which will ensure production.

Further, we do something ourselves, we localize something from conditionally friendly countries, the same China, we borrow something from other states, but this way we will be able to ensure Russia's technological sovereignty. We have to produce such machines on which we can then produce anything. It should definitely be in the structure of the gross product exactly like ours, the Russian one. Hence, the structure of the gross domestic product should be planned. All the products that are circulating in our country, we must register and decide that we will fully produce ourselves, that we will produce by a third, that we will simply buy, and so on. This is a huge and serious work that involves further tasks for the machine tool industry.

- You are talking, in fact, about the new industrialization. Who will be involved in financing?- Budget money should finance the development of technological sovereignty.

It is necessary to allocate specific project money that will be invested in new projects of industrial industries. It will be clear that this money will be returned by taxes, this money will be returned by salaries and employment.

Russia needs a flax industry- So we need new factories?

- Of course, but it just sounds scary.

Factories are now an enterprise where 20-30 people work, but they ensure the operation of unique components, assemblies, spare parts that they can produce there. It does not require thousands of people today, huge industrial zones. The main thing is that we must organize new national industries. There should be at least a hundred such industries.

- What industries do you propose to introduce?- Let's start with bearings, we do not produce them.

Then, the same machines that have already been talked about. Environmental engineering is also important: gas and water treatment systems. Refrigeration equipment is also needed, the same containers for transportation that we do not produce today.

We need to introduce a new flax industry. This fiber is an excellent raw material base for the textile industry. And it is necessary to solve the issues of aircraft construction. Today we have 700 Airbus Boeings left without spare parts. We must urgently organize the industries that will supply these spare parts.

We need a system of intergenerational bridges- Is it possible to implement it quickly?

- Of course you can.

It is necessary to put the right personnel in the right places and give authority. All.

- Do we have any shots today?- Of course there is.

Many of them are not involved in industrial policy yet. Someone is in a small business, and they need to be attracted to larger enterprises. We need ready-made personnel. And this is in addition to the youth who need to be trained. The aspect is very important, but this is secondary, young specialists should be taken to different sectors of the economy. We need toothy 30-50-year-old cadres now. It is necessary to attach to them those who are 70 – 80 years old today. These specialists understand difficult professional moments very well. Let them teach and share their experience with those who are 30 - 50 years old today. We need to restore the system of intergenerational bridges.

Read more interesting news in our Telegram channelAuthor: Olga Paramonova

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